Friday, January 31, 2014

Exploring the depths of the South China Sea


As we all know, South China Sea has been in conflict between nations surrounding it due to geopolitical issues of claiming several islands in the area. However, geologically speaking the South China Sea is naturally subjected to several strains and stress as suggested by its location.

South China Sea is located between the Eurasian plate and the Pacific plate, as well as between the world’s highest mountains and deepest point, the Himalayas and Marianas Trench, respectively. The location of the said sea made it more interesting for scientists to research about.

Studies have shown that the crust stretches in the north-south direction creating a break in the sea floor. Following that is the releasing of magma thus giving rise to the island of Palawan in the Philippines and Borneo. However, the mechanism triggering the stretch and break of that part of the continent is still debated until now.

In line with this, scientists from China, Philippines, India, and United States will sail on board the research vessel JOIDES Resolution for the first expedition of the International Ocean Drilling Program (formerly known as the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program) or IODP with the aim to determine the age of the South China Sea and also to resolve how it formed.  

Over the next two months, drilling the ocean floor up to 2 kilometres into the seabed will be done to collect rock samples. Then by using geochemical and geophysical analyses, the researchers will be able to determine the rocks’ ages and characteristics. These should yield clues to their origins. By drilling at different sites, the scientists should be able to tell precisely when the sea floor started to spread and when the process ended.

Knowing the geological history of the South China Sea will not only expose its formation but will also explain the deposits of oil and natural gases in the islands scattered there. Beyond that, researches on the geological processes related in the area will be more studied.

According to Alyssa Peleo-Alampay, a marine geologist at the University of the Philippines Diliman, also a project member, the project can also facilitate earthquake research of the Manila Trench in the Pacific Ocean. The trench came into being as the oceanic crust of the South China Sea began to sink beneath the Philippine Sea plate — a process that continues today and causes frequent quakes. “A proper understanding of the South China Sea is long overdue,” she says.


Blogpost by: Sariah Kate L. Acama


Reference:

Qui, Jane. “Sea drilling project launches.” Nature Publishing Group. N.p. 21 January 2014.


     Web. 30 January 2014. <http://www.nature.com/news/sea-drilling-project-launches-1.14562>

No comments:

Post a Comment